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{{guninfo |
{{guninfo |
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|name=Steyr-Solothurn S1-100 |
|name=Steyr-Solothurn S1-100 |
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| − | |image=[[ |
+ | |image=[[File:Steyr-SolothurnMP34.png|300px]] |
| + | |aka=MP 30 & MP 34 <small>(Austria)</small><br>MP 34(ö) <small>(Nazi Germany)</small><br>M/935 & M/42 <small>(Portugal)</small><br>Type Su <small>(Japan)</small> |
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| − | |origin=Austria |
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| + | |origin=Germany<br>Switzerland<br>Austria |
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| − | |maker=[[Waffenfabrik Solothurn]] |
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| + | |maker=[[Louis Stange]]<br>[[Theodor Rakula]] |
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| − | |birth=1929 |
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| + | |manufact=[[Steyr|Steyr-Solothurn AG]] |
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| − | |death=1940 |
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| + | |design=1920 |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | |birth=1929 <small>(Model 1930)</small><br>1934 <small>(Model 1934)</small> |
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| − | |caliber= |
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| + | |death=1935 <small>(Model 1930)</small><br>1940 <small>(Model 1934)</small> |
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| − | *9x19 mm Luger Parabellum |
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| + | |nobuilt=6,000 <small>(Model 1930)</small> |
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| − | *9x23 Steyr |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *9x25 Mauser Export |
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| + | |caliber=[[9×23mm|9×23mm Steyr]]<br>[[9×25mm Mauser]]<br>[[9×19mm Parabellum]]<br>[[7.63×25mm Mauser]]<br>[[.45 ACP]] |
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| − | |action=Selective-Fire |
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| + | |action=[[Blowback]] |
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| − | |length=850 mm |
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| + | |length={{Convert|33.5|in|cm|abbr=off}} |
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| − | |barrel=200 mm |
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| + | |barrel={{Convert|7.75|in|cm|abbr=off}} |
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| − | |weight=4,25 kg empty |
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| + | |weight={{Convert|8.8|lb|kg|abbr=off}} |
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| − | |magazine=32-round detachable box magazine |
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| + | |magazine=32 rounds <small>(9×23mm Steyr)</small><br>30 rounds <small>(9×25mm Mauser)</small> |
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| − | |cycle=400-500 rpm |
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| + | |cycle=500rpm |
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| − | |range=150-200 meters |
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| + | |range= |
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| − | |velocity= |
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| + | |velocity={{Convert|1250|ft/s|m/s|abbr=off}} |
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|notable= |
|notable= |
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| − | |affiliation= |
+ | |affiliation= |
| + | |usedby=<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> |
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| − | }} |
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| + | Austria<br>Nazi Germany<br>Portugal<br>Bolivia<br>Republic of China<br>Empire of Japan |
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| + | </div> |
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| + | }}The '''S1-100''', also known under its Austrian military designation '''MP 34''', was a Swiss-Austrian [[submachine gun]] that was produced by [[Steyr|Steyr-Solothurn AG]]. |
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| + | ==History== |
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| − | One of the finest (and most expensive) submachineguns made prior to World War II, the Steyr-Solothurn S1-100 has only a short career. |
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| + | Development of the S1-100 began in Germany in 1924, at the firm of [[Rheinmetall]], where [[Louis Stange]] produced a set of blueprints. Rheinmetall, however, was blocked from domestically manufacturing the gun under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1928, Rheinmetall acquired large shares in a Swiss munitions company, Waffenfabrik Solothurn AG, and a year later, Stange took the blueprints to Solothurn and oversaw the construction of the first prototype models. The chief designer on the project was [[Theodor Rakula]]. Solothurn was essentially used as a proxy under which they could develop the weapon legally outside of Germany's border. However, the company did not have the appropriate facilities in place to mass-produce the S1-100, so Solothurn entered into a merger with the Austrian firm of [[Steyr|Waffenfabrik Steyr]], which resulted in the establishment of a Zurich-based sales outlet known as Steyr-Solothurn AG. |
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| + | The S1-100 began full production at Steyr's factories in 1930. The first iteration, known as the Model 1930, was produced until 1935, after which it was replaced by the slightly modified Model 1934. It was offered for export sale in a variety of different chamberings and saw some relatively limited success in South America. In 1934, the Austrian Army adopted the Model 1934 in [[9×23mm|9×23mm Steyr]] and designated it the '''MP 34'''. The Austrian Police also adopted the weapon, but in the [[9×25mm Mauser]] cartridge. |
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| − | ==Overview== |
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| + | When Germany invaded Austria in 1938, the Wehrmacht and SS acquired the majority of the Austrian service S1-100s and issued them to their own troops under the designation '''MP 34(ö)'''. It saw some limited use by German troops early in World War II, but was quickly phased out of service in favor of the [[MP 40]]. Most MP 34(ö)s were instead issued to the Luftwaffe and German police forces. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the S1-100 was exported in small numbers to both the Chinese and Japanese armies, seeing minor combat use by both sides; the weapon was known as the '''Type Su''' (Japanese: ス式機関短銃 ''Su-shiki kikan tanjū'') in Japanese service, with the "Su" being the first phonetic in "Steyr" (Japanese: スタイヤー ''Sutaiyā''). Production of the gun ceased in 1940. |
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| − | The story of the S1-100 starts in around 1919, when German arms-making company Rheinmetall produced a prototype submachine gun designated MP.19. This weapon was developed by Lous Stange to the same specifications as Schmeisser's [[Schmeisser MP.18/I]], but MP.19 came too late to see any action during WWI. After the end of WWI, Germany was severely limited in the design and production of small arms by the Treaty of Versailles. |
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| + | A modified version of the S1-100, known as the [[Steyr-Solothurn S17-100|S17-100]], was developed as a mounted support weapon, although few were made. |
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| − | When Hitler came into power, German military-oriented companies began to move the research and development outside of Germany to avoid treaty limitations. In 1929, [[Rheinmetall]] purchased the small Swiss-based company [[Wafenfabrik Solothurn]], which was used to finalize some Rheinmetall small arms which were developed under secrecy in Germany. One of those weapons was an improved version of MP.19 submachine gun, which was announced by Waffenfabrik Solothurn under company index "S1-100". This was an excellent weapon, reliable, controllable and accurate, but Solothurn company lacked production capabilities. To make guns on an industrial scale, Solothurn teamed up with the famous Austrian gun-making company [[Waffenfabrik Steyr]], and formed the trade company [[Steyr-Solothurn Waffen AG]] in Zurich, Switzerland. This company sold weapons designed by Rheinmetall and Solothurn and made by Steyr, and the S1-100 submachine gun was among the first products of this international conglomerate. |
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| + | ==Design== |
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| − | In 1930, the Austrian police adopted the S1-100 as the Steyr MP.30, chambered for then-standard Austrian 9x23 Steyr pistol cartridge. It was also exported to Chile, Bolivia, Uruguay and El Salvador, and was sold in limited numbers to China, in 7,63x25 Mauser caliber. Portugal adopted the S1-100 in 7,65x22 Luger caliber in 1938, and in 1942 purchased more S1-100's from Steyr, but this time in 9x19 Luger. For the South American markets, Steyr produced a version of the S1-100 in .45ACP caliber; this version was distinguished by an additional pistol grip under the forearm. The Austrian army adopted the S1-100 as Steyr MP.34, chambered for the powerful 9x25 Mauser ammunition. |
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| + | [[File:S1-100_Loading_Gate.png|thumb|The S1-100's unique magazine charger.]] |
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| + | The S1-100 was a blowback-operated submachine gun that fired from an open bolt. It used a loose firing pin and the bolt's return spring was unusually located within the stock. The upper half of the receiver was hinged and could be lifted open for easy disassembly. |
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| + | Like most German-designed submachine guns of the period, it fed from the left side of the receiver and incorporated a perforated barrel jacket. A bayonet could be attached to the right side of the barrel. Some later models included a magazine housing that had a upward-facing gate from which the user could insert an empty magazine vertically and then feed the rounds in using a charger. This feature was absent on the .45 ACP version of the gun. |
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| − | When Hitler's Germany occupied Austria in 1938, it quickly consumed most of Austrian MP.30's and MP.34's, and after rebarreling them to 9x19 ammunition these weapons were issued to German troops as the MP.34(ö). Production of Steyr-Solothurn submachine guns ceased in around 1940, when, under German administration, it was replaced in production at Steyr by the much simpler and less expensive [[MP-40]] submachine gun of German design. |
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| + | ==Gallery== |
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| − | ==Technical Overview== |
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| + | <gallery> |
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| + | Steyr-Solothurn_S1-100.png|Right side view |
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| + | Steyr-Solothurn_S1-100.jpg|Right side view showing slot for charger clip |
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| + | S1-100.png|[[.45 ACP]] version of the S1-100 (Model 1934) with foregrip |
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| + | Steyr-SolothurnMP30.png|S1-100 (Model 1930) |
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| + | Steyr-Solothurn_S1-100_1930.png|S1-100 (Model 1930) with affixed bayonet |
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| + | </gallery> |
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| + | {{GermanSMGs}} |
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| − | The Steyr-Solothurn S1-100 submachine gun was a blowback operated, selective-fire weapon which fired from the open bolt. Unlike most other submachineguns, the return spring was located in the buttstock and was linked to the bolt via a long push-rod, pivotally attached to the rear of the bolt. The basic action of the gun was accessible through the top cover, which was hinged at the front and opened up and forward to expose the bolt and trigger unit below it. The fire mode selector was made in the form of a sliding switch, located at the left side of the stock. Early guns had a Schmeisser-style bolt-locking safety in the form of hook-shaped cut which was used to engage the bolt handle when bolt was cocked. Later on, additional manual safety was added to the top cover, in front of the rear sight. This safety locked the bolt either in cocked or closed position. The feed was from left side, with magazine housing slightly canted forward for more positive feeding; ejection was to the right. The magazine housing had an unusual magazine filler device, with slots for the magazine at the bottom and for the stripper clip - at the top. The removed magazine was inserted into this device from the bottom, and then the shooter placed the stripper clips into the top of device and pushed cartridges down into magazine. Four standard 8-round clips were required to fill the magazine. |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | |||
| − | All S1-100 guns were fitted with a wooden stock with a semi-pistol grip. The barrel was enclosed into a perforated jacket, which had provisions for mounting a bayonet. Sights included hooded front and tangent type rear, marked from 100 to 500 meters. One of the most unusual accessories, which was briefly advertised for S1-100 during mid-1930s, was a compact machine-gun type tripod, which was to provide additional stability for the weapon when firing from the ground. It seems that this tripod was never made in quantity. |
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| − | |||
| − | == References == |
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| − | |||
| − | [http://world.guns.ru/smg/smg81-e.htm Modern Firearms - Steyr-Solothurn S1-100] |
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| ⚫ | |||
Revision as of 23:29, 19 August 2020
The S1-100, also known under its Austrian military designation MP 34, was a Swiss-Austrian submachine gun that was produced by Steyr-Solothurn AG.
History
Development of the S1-100 began in Germany in 1924, at the firm of Rheinmetall, where Louis Stange produced a set of blueprints. Rheinmetall, however, was blocked from domestically manufacturing the gun under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1928, Rheinmetall acquired large shares in a Swiss munitions company, Waffenfabrik Solothurn AG, and a year later, Stange took the blueprints to Solothurn and oversaw the construction of the first prototype models. The chief designer on the project was Theodor Rakula. Solothurn was essentially used as a proxy under which they could develop the weapon legally outside of Germany's border. However, the company did not have the appropriate facilities in place to mass-produce the S1-100, so Solothurn entered into a merger with the Austrian firm of Waffenfabrik Steyr, which resulted in the establishment of a Zurich-based sales outlet known as Steyr-Solothurn AG.
The S1-100 began full production at Steyr's factories in 1930. The first iteration, known as the Model 1930, was produced until 1935, after which it was replaced by the slightly modified Model 1934. It was offered for export sale in a variety of different chamberings and saw some relatively limited success in South America. In 1934, the Austrian Army adopted the Model 1934 in 9×23mm Steyr and designated it the MP 34. The Austrian Police also adopted the weapon, but in the 9×25mm Mauser cartridge.
When Germany invaded Austria in 1938, the Wehrmacht and SS acquired the majority of the Austrian service S1-100s and issued them to their own troops under the designation MP 34(ö). It saw some limited use by German troops early in World War II, but was quickly phased out of service in favor of the MP 40. Most MP 34(ö)s were instead issued to the Luftwaffe and German police forces. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the S1-100 was exported in small numbers to both the Chinese and Japanese armies, seeing minor combat use by both sides; the weapon was known as the Type Su (Japanese: ス式機関短銃 Su-shiki kikan tanjū) in Japanese service, with the "Su" being the first phonetic in "Steyr" (Japanese: スタイヤー Sutaiyā). Production of the gun ceased in 1940.
A modified version of the S1-100, known as the S17-100, was developed as a mounted support weapon, although few were made.
Design
The S1-100's unique magazine charger.
The S1-100 was a blowback-operated submachine gun that fired from an open bolt. It used a loose firing pin and the bolt's return spring was unusually located within the stock. The upper half of the receiver was hinged and could be lifted open for easy disassembly.
Like most German-designed submachine guns of the period, it fed from the left side of the receiver and incorporated a perforated barrel jacket. A bayonet could be attached to the right side of the barrel. Some later models included a magazine housing that had a upward-facing gate from which the user could insert an empty magazine vertically and then feed the rounds in using a charger. This feature was absent on the .45 ACP version of the gun.
Gallery
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